Unfortunately for employers, the EEOC can spend as much time on the investigation as it wants without losing the right to sue. That’s because there is technically no statute of limitations on the commission’s actions. But that doesn’t mean employers are powerless. Fortunately, there is a legal doctrine employers can use when the EEOC waits and waits to initiate litigation.

Employees who sue for discrimination usually have to show they were punished more harshly than other employees outside their protected class. Counter such claims with specifics. While you may have punished 10 employees this year for breaking the same rule, chances are that each case was unique—and that you made the punishment fit the crime. That’s fine.

Like many municipalities, the city of Latrobe is struggling with falling revenue. City Manager Rick Stadler attempted to address the city’s shortfall by eliminating six clerical positions, while the Office of City Administration cut two staffers. Now all eight employees have requested an EEOC probe into the terminations to determine if they violated anti-discrimination laws.

Employers facing sexual harassment lawsuits against offensive, foul-mouthed managers sometimes trot out the “equal-opportunity harasser” defense. It basically says: We know our guy is rough, but he didn’t sexually harass women because he treats all his employees horribly. That’s a pretty flimsy nail to hang your defense on—and one that often doesn’t work.

When the borough of Netcong implemented a reduction in force, 28-year employee Delores Colabella was the only employee whose position was eliminated. Colabella suspected her termination might have something to do with her age. She’s 72. Now she is suing the borough for age discrimination.

Sometimes, people sue everyone they believe may somehow have been responsible for their misfortunes. When someone has been seriously harmed by one of your employees, your organization becomes an attractive target. Fortunately, an employee’s past conduct unrelated to the allegation won’t put the employer in hot water.

It’s a fact of life: As an HR professional, you and your employer will be sued. You can’t tell which applicant, employee or former employee will litigate, but you can be prepared. Insulate yourself and your company by reviewing all decisions for fairness. For example, something as seemingly minor as failing to provide small incentive-based benefits can mean a long and expensive lawsuit.